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Uncle Al's Home Improvements
"Helping Young Couples and Senior Citizens Maintain High Value In Their Homes"
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Glossary of Common Terms N O P Q R |
| Neon Tester |
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A device with two leads and a small bulb used to check if a circuit is powered. |
| Neutral Wire |
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The conductor that does not carry current. It is clad in white insulation. |
| Nipple |
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A 12-inch or shorter pipe that has threads on both ends that is used to join fittings. A close nipple has threads that run from both ends to the center. |
| No-hub Pipe |
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Type of cast-iron pipe designed with do it yourself in mind. The pipes and fittings are joined using rubber gaskets with stainless-steel clamps. |
| Nominal Dimension (lumber) |
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The stated size of lumber, such as a 2"x4" or a 1"x12". The actual dimension is smaller. |
| Nominal Dimensions (masonry) |
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The actual dimensions of a masonry unit, plus the thickness of the mortar joints, on one end and at the top or bottom. |
| Nominal Size |
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The designated size of a pipe or fitting. It will vary slightly from the actual size. |
| Nonmetallic Sheathed Cable |
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Two or more insulated conductors sheathed in a plastic covering. (Romex) |
| O-ring |
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A round rubber washer pressed into a groove used to create a watertight seal, mainly around valve stems. |
| Outlet |
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Any device in a circuit, including receptacles, switches, and light fixtures. |
| Outside Corners |
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The point at which two planes form an external angle from 181 to 359 degrees; the corner you usually can walk around. |
| Overload |
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The point at which a circuit is using more amperage than it was designed to handle. Overloading will cause wires to heat up, fuses to blow or circuit breakers to trip. |
| Packing |
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The material used around faucet stems that, when compressed, results in a watertight seal. |
| Particleboard |
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Solid board panels made from compressed wood chips and glue. |
| Pier |
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A column of concrete used as a footing to support a post. |
| Pilot Hole |
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The small hole drilled into wood to avoid splitting the wood when driving in a screw or nail. |
| Plan drawing |
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The view of a structure which shows locations of footings and framing members. |
| Plumb |
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The condition that exists when the vertical plane is at true vertical. |
| Plywood |
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Building material made of thin sheets of wood veneer glued together with the grains from each layer at 90-degree angles to each other. |
| Pointing |
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Filling and finishing the joints of masonry units with cement or mortar. |
| Polarized Plugs |
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Plugs designed so that the hot and neutral sides of a circuit can't be accidentally reversed. One prong of the plug is a different size than the other. |
| Post |
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The vertical framing piece, usually 4"x4" or 6"x6", used to support a beam or a joist. |
| Premix |
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A packaged mix of ingredients used for preparing concrete or mortar. |
| Pressure-treated Wood |
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Dimensional lumber and sheet goods impregnated with one of several solutions under pressure to make the wood more impervious to bugs, moisture, and weather. |
| PSI |
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The abbreviation for pounds per square inch. Water pressure is rated in PSIs. |
| Rabbet |
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A cut or groove made along the edge of a piece of wood used to join boards tightly. |
| Raceway Wiring |
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Channels mounted on the surface for extending circuits. |
| Rapid-start Tubes |
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Fluorescent tubes designed to light without a starter. |
| Ready-mix |
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Concrete that is mixed in a truck as it is being transported to the job site. |
| Receptacle |
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A device that supplies plug-in power for lamps and other devices. |
| Reducer |
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A fitting with different-sized openings at either end; used to go from a larger to a smaller pipe. |
| Reinforcing Wire Mesh |
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A steel mesh used to reinforce certain types of concrete projects, such as walks, drives, and patios. |
| Relief Valve |
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A device designed to open at a predetermined temperature or pressure. |
| Retaining Wall |
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A wall built to hold soil in place or create a terraced landscape effect. |
| Rigid Conduit |
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Heavy metal conduit that can only be bent with a bender designed for the size. |
| Rim Joist |
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The end joist, to which the majority of joists are attached at right angles. |
| Rip |
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Sawing dimensional lumber or sheet goods parallel to its grain pattern. |
| Riser |
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A board attached to the vertical cut surface of a stair stringer to fill in the space between treads and to provide additional tread support. |
| Romex |
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A trade name for nonmetallic-sheathed cable. |
| Rough-in |
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The early stages of a plumbing or electrical project during which supply and drain-waste-vent lines are run to their destinations and the boxes and wiring is installed. All work done after the rough-in is finish work. |
| Roughing-in |
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The framing stage of a carpentry project. This framework later is concealed in the different finishing stages. |
| Rout |
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The shaping of edges or cutting of grooves using a router. |
| Row-lock Course |
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Bricks laid side by side on their faces and pitched slightly to shed moisture; used below windows and as wall caps. |
| Rubble |
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Uncut stone found in fields or as it comes from a quarry. Often used for dry-laid walls. |
| Run |
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Any length of wire or pipe and fittings going in a straight line. |
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